A case report and literature review of the pathogenetic aspects of the combined infection of Epstein-Barr virus and oral candidiasis

Abstract

Background. Patients with a recurrent infection that is resistant to traditional therapy are a clinical challenge in pediatrics. This recurrent pathology is often hiding another disease. In addition, timely diagnosis and suggestion of etiotropic therapy are often delayed when medical ethics have been deviated, namely, when medical history collection was dubious. The objective of this article was to present the clinical peculiarities of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) association with oral candidiasis. Materials and methods. The authors describe the clinical case of Epstein-Barr viral infection in a 4-year-old child. The case was detected in Ternopil region. Results. The bacterial flora of the throat and mouth was inoculated, in the throat culture, Str.viridans 103 CFU/ml, S.aureus 105 CFU/ml, Candida albicans 106 CFU/ml were isolated. Enzyme-linked immunoassay showed that EBV VCA IgM antibody index was at the level of 2.63 (more than 0.8 — a positive result). Conclusions. When infectious mononucleosis is combined with oral candidiasis, the following common symptoms are observed: prolonged fever, lymphadenopathy, and exanthema syndrome. They usually occur after administration of broad-spectrum antibacterial agents. In case of disease with symptoms such as prolonged fever, lymphadenopathy, tonsillitis, and exanthema syndrome, which are common for both oral candidiasis and infectious mononucleosis, differential diagnosis is required. There is a need to examine the microbiota of the oropharynx in patients with infectious mononucleosis to detect flora, which may lead to complicated course of the disease and diagnosis. In such case, inoculation of oropharynx microbiota is essential instrument for candidiasis diagnosis.